.. index:: pair: docker ; Hub pair: Docker Hub ; hello-world pair: docker ; run pair: docker run ; help pair: docker ; inspect .. _labs_beginner: ============================== Samples Docker labs beginner ============================== .. seealso:: - https://github.com/docker/labs/tree/master/beginner/ - https://hub.docker.com/_/hello-world/ - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker-library/hello-world/master/hello.c .. contents:: :depth: 3 Setup ====== .. seealso:: - https://github.com/docker/labs/blob/master/beginner/chapters/setup.md docker run hello-world ======================= :: Y:\projects_id3\P5N001\XLOGCA135_tutorial_docker\tutorial_docker>docker run hello-world :: Hello from Docker! This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. To generate this message, Docker took the following steps: 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon. 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub. (amd64) 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the executable that produces the output you are currently reading. 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it to your terminal. To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with: $ docker run -it ubuntu bash Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID: https://cloud.docker.com/ For more examples and ideas, visit: https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/ .. figure:: docker_run_hello_world.png :align: center hello.c -------- .. seealso:: - https://github.com/docker-library/hello-world/blob/master/hello.c .. code-block:: c :linenos: //#include #include #ifndef DOCKER_IMAGE #define DOCKER_IMAGE "hello-world" #endif #ifndef DOCKER_GREETING #define DOCKER_GREETING "Hello from Docker!" #endif #ifndef DOCKER_ARCH #define DOCKER_ARCH "amd64" #endif const char message[] = "\n" DOCKER_GREETING "\n" "This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.\n" "\n" "To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:\n" " 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.\n" " 2. The Docker daemon pulled the \"" DOCKER_IMAGE "\" image from the Docker Hub.\n" " (" DOCKER_ARCH ")\n" " 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the\n" " executable that produces the output you are currently reading.\n" " 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it\n" " to your terminal.\n" "\n" "To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:\n" " $ docker run -it ubuntu bash\n" "\n" "Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:\n" " https://cloud.docker.com/\n" "\n" "For more examples and ideas, visit:\n" " https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/\n" "\n"; void _start() { //write(1, message, sizeof(message) - 1); syscall(SYS_write, 1, message, sizeof(message) - 1); //_exit(0); syscall(SYS_exit, 0); } Dockerfile.build ----------------- :: # explicitly use Debian for maximum cross-architecture compatibility FROM debian:stretch-slim RUN dpkg --add-architecture i386 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \ gcc \ libc6-dev \ make \ \ libc6-dev:i386 \ libgcc-6-dev:i386 \ \ libc6-dev-arm64-cross \ libc6-dev-armel-cross \ libc6-dev-armhf-cross \ libc6-dev-ppc64el-cross \ libc6-dev-s390x-cross \ \ gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu \ gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi \ gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf \ gcc-powerpc64le-linux-gnu \ gcc-s390x-linux-gnu \ \ file \ && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* WORKDIR /usr/src/hello COPY . . RUN set -ex; \ make clean all test \ TARGET_ARCH='amd64' \ CC='x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' \ STRIP='x86_64-linux-gnu-strip' RUN set -ex; \ make clean all \ TARGET_ARCH='arm32v5' \ CC='arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc' \ STRIP='arm-linux-gnueabi-strip' RUN set -ex; \ make clean all \ TARGET_ARCH='arm32v7' \ CC='arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' \ STRIP='arm-linux-gnueabihf-strip' RUN set -ex; \ make clean all \ TARGET_ARCH='arm64v8' \ CC='aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc' \ STRIP='aarch64-linux-gnu-strip' RUN set -ex; \ make clean all test \ TARGET_ARCH='i386' \ CC='gcc -m32 -L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/6' \ STRIP='x86_64-linux-gnu-strip' RUN set -ex; \ make clean all \ TARGET_ARCH='ppc64le' \ CC='powerpc64le-linux-gnu-gcc' \ STRIP='powerpc64le-linux-gnu-strip' RUN set -ex; \ make clean all \ TARGET_ARCH='s390x' \ CC='s390x-linux-gnu-gcc' \ STRIP='s390x-linux-gnu-strip' RUN find \( -name 'hello' -or -name 'hello.txt' \) -exec file '{}' + -exec ls -lh '{}' + CMD ["./amd64/hello-world/hello"] Running your first container : docker pull alpine ================================================== .. seealso:: - https://github.com/docker/labs/blob/master/beginner/chapters/alpine.md - :ref:`images_alpine` docker pull alpine ------------------- :: docker pull alpine docker images -------------- :: Y:\projects_id3\P5N001\XLOGCA135_tutorial_docker\tutorial_docker>docker images :: REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE id3pvergain/get-started part2 ed5b70620e49 25 hours ago 148MB friendlyhello latest ed5b70620e49 25 hours ago 148MB alpine latest 3fd9065eaf02 6 days ago 4.15MB wordpress latest 28084cde273b 7 days ago 408MB centos latest ff426288ea90 7 days ago 207MB nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 2 weeks ago 108MB ubuntu latest 00fd29ccc6f1 4 weeks ago 111MB python 2.7-slim 4fd30fc83117 5 weeks ago 138MB hello-world latest f2a91732366c 8 weeks ago 1.85kB docker4w/nsenter-dockerd latest cae870735e91 2 months ago 187kB docker run alpine ls -l -------------------------- :: Y:\projects_id3\P5N001\XLOGCA135_tutorial_docker\tutorial_docker>docker run alpine ls -l :: total 52 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 bin drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 340 Jan 16 08:57 dev drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:57 etc drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 home drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 lib drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 media drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 mnt dr-xr-xr-x 127 root root 0 Jan 16 08:57 proc drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 run drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 srv dr-xr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Jan 15 15:33 sys drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 tmp drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 usr drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 var What happened? Behind the scenes, a lot of stuff happened. When you call run: - The Docker client contacts the Docker daemon - The Docker daemon checks local store if the image (alpine in this case) is available locally, and if not, downloads it from Docker Store. (Since we have issued docker pull alpine before, the download step is not necessary) - The Docker daemon creates the container and then runs a command in that container. - The Docker daemon streams the output of the command to the Docker client When you run docker run alpine, you provided a command (ls -l), so Docker started the command specified and you saw the listing. docker ps -a --------------- Liste des conteneurs qui ont tourné à un moment donné. :: C:\Tmp>docker ps -a :: CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES cb62ace67ba4 alpine "ls -l" 20 minutes ago Exited (0) 20 minutes ago eager_heisenberg 685915373a4c hello-world "/hello" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago gallant_wright e150d0531321 alpine "/bin/sh" 18 hours ago Exited (0) 18 hours ago objective_curran 7d6e93a39de5 alpine "/bin/sh" 18 hours ago Exited (0) 18 hours ago amazing_knuth 807d38ada261 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 18 hours ago Exited (127) 18 hours ago confident_bassi eebf7e801b96 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 18 hours ago Exited (0) 13 minutes ago wonderful_blackwell c31e71b41bdb id3pvergain/get-started:part2 "python app.py" 22 hours ago Exited (137) 20 hours ago getstartedlab_web.3.kv05oigiytufm5wsuvnp4guoj 8780b68999cf id3pvergain/get-started:part2 "python app.py" 22 hours ago Exited (137) 20 hours ago getstartedlab_web.4.as0f73cwv5l8fibwnjd60yfyw f45453da50cf id3pvergain/get-started:part2 "python app.py" 23 hours ago Exited (137) 20 hours ago youthful_wilson b47fd081642e id3pvergain/get-started:part2 "python app.py" 23 hours ago Exited (137) 20 hours ago admiring_lumiere 06193b763075 friendlyhello "python app.py" 24 hours ago Exited (137) 23 hours ago boring_goodall 16eca9f1274e friendlyhello "python app.py" 26 hours ago Exited (255) 24 hours ago 0.0.0.0:4000->80/tcp stoic_lalande fb92255412cf hello-world "/hello" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago infallible_kepler dd8ca306fb5b hello-world "/hello" 4 days ago Exited (0) 4 days ago musing_hopper 4d1e5f24ba8e nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 days ago Exited (0) 4 days ago webserver docker run -it alpine /bin/sh --------------------------------- :: C:\Tmp>docker run -it alpine /bin/sh :: / # uname -a :: Linux 2b8fff5f4068 4.9.60-linuxkit-aufs #1 SMP Mon Nov 6 16:00:12 UTC 2017 x86_64 Linux :: / # ls :: bin dev etc home lib media mnt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var Running the run command with the -it flags attaches us to an interactive tty in the container. Now you can run as many commands in the container as you want. Take some time to run your favorite commands. That concludes a whirlwind tour of the docker run command which would most likely be the command you'll use most often. It makes sense to spend some time getting comfortable with it. To find out more about run, use docker run --help to see a list of all flags it supports. As you proceed further, we'll see a few more variants of docker run. docker run --help ==================== :: Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...] Run a command in a new container Options: --add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip) -a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR --blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0) --blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default []) --cap-add list Add Linux capabilities --cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities --cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container --cidfile string Write the container ID to the file --cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period --cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota --cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds --cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds -c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight) --cpus decimal Number of CPUs --cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) --cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) -d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID --detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container --device list Add a host device to the container --device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list --device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default []) --device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default []) --device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default []) --device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default []) --disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true) --dns list Set custom DNS servers --dns-option list Set DNS options --dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains --entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image -e, --env list Set environment variables --env-file list Read in a file of environment variables --expose list Expose a port or a range of ports --group-add list Add additional groups to join --health-cmd string Command to run to check health --health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy --health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --help Print usage -h, --hostname string Container host name --init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes -i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached --ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104) --ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33) --ipc string IPC mode to use --isolation string Container isolation technology --kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit -l, --label list Set meta data on a container --label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels --link list Add link to another container --link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses --log-driver string Logging driver for the container --log-opt list Log driver options --mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33) -m, --memory bytes Memory limit --memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit --memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap --memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1) --mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container --name string Assign a name to the container --network string Connect a container to a network (default "default") --network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container --no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK --oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer --oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000) --pid string PID namespace to use --pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited) --platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable --privileged Give extended privileges to this container -p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host -P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports --read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only --restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no") --rm Automatically remove the container when it exits --runtime string Runtime to use for this container --security-opt list Security Options --shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm --sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true) --stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "15") --stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container --storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container --sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[]) --tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory -t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY --ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default []) -u, --user string Username or UID (format: [:]) --userns string User namespace to use --uts string UTS namespace to use -v, --volume list Bind mount a volume --volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container --volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s) -w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container docker inspect alpine ======================= :: C:\Tmp>docker inspect alpine :: [ { "Id": "sha256:3fd9065eaf02feaf94d68376da52541925650b81698c53c6824d92ff63f98353", "RepoTags": [ "alpine:latest" ], "RepoDigests": [ "alpine@sha256:7df6db5aa61ae9480f52f0b3a06a140ab98d427f86d8d5de0bedab9b8df6b1c0" ], "Parent": "", "Comment": "", "Created": "2018-01-09T21:10:58.579708634Z", "Container": "30e1a2427aa2325727a092488d304505780501585a6ccf5a6a53c4d83a826101", "ContainerConfig": { "Hostname": "30e1a2427aa2", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": false, "AttachStdout": false, "AttachStderr": false, "Tty": false, "OpenStdin": false, "StdinOnce": false, "Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" ], "Cmd": [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "#(nop) ", "CMD [\"/bin/sh\"]" ], "ArgsEscaped": true, "Image": "sha256:fbef17698ac8605733924d5662f0cbfc0b27a51e83ab7d7a4b8d8a9a9fe0d1c2", "Volumes": null, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": null, "OnBuild": null, "Labels": {} }, "DockerVersion": "17.06.2-ce", "Author": "", "Config": { "Hostname": "", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": false, "AttachStdout": false, "AttachStderr": false, "Tty": false, "OpenStdin": false, "StdinOnce": false, "Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" ], "Cmd": [ "/bin/sh" ], "ArgsEscaped": true, "Image": "sha256:fbef17698ac8605733924d5662f0cbfc0b27a51e83ab7d7a4b8d8a9a9fe0d1c2", "Volumes": null, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": null, "OnBuild": null, "Labels": null }, "Architecture": "amd64", "Os": "linux", "Size": 4147781, "VirtualSize": 4147781, "GraphDriver": { "Data": { "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e4af82b9362c03a84a71a8449c41a37c94592f1e5c2ef1d4f43a255b0a4ee2bd/merged", "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e4af82b9362c03a84a71a8449c41a37c94592f1e5c2ef1d4f43a255b0a4ee2bd/diff", "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e4af82b9362c03a84a71a8449c41a37c94592f1e5c2ef1d4f43a255b0a4ee2bd/work" }, "Name": "overlay2" }, "RootFS": { "Type": "layers", "Layers": [ "sha256:cd7100a72410606589a54b932cabd804a17f9ae5b42a1882bd56d263e02b6215" ] }, "Metadata": { "LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" } } ] Next Steps: 2.0 Webapps with Docker ====================================== .. seealso:: https://github.com/docker/labs/blob/master/beginner/chapters/webapps.md For the next step in the tutorial, head over to :ref:`2.0 Webapps with Docker `.